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分(fen)(fen)(fen)動(dong)器(qi)(qi)的(de)功能是執(zhi)行前(qian)后輪扭矩分(fen)(fen)(fen)配功能，在分(fen)(fen)(fen)動(dong)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)間布(bu)置一(yi)個濕(shi)式多片(pian)離(li)合(he)器(qi)(qi)，該離(li)合(he)器(qi)(qi)右(you)端(duan)通過傳(chuan)動(dong)軸驅動(dong)后輪，左端(duan)通過鏈傳(chuan)動(dong)驅動(dong)前(qian)輪。電(dian)控(kong)(kong)單(dan)元(yuan)（ECU)ECU是AWD系統的(de)核心，其功用(yong)是根據制(zhi)定的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方案，按照編制(zhi)的(de)程序對各種傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)輸入信(xin)號(hao)進(jin)行分(fen)(fen)(fen)析(xi)、計算、處(chu)理(li)，輸出一(yi)定的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)信(xin)號(hao)指令，驅動(dong)電(dian)磁閥動(dong)作(zuo)。AWD系統ECU主要由輸入信(xin)號(hao)調理(li)電(dian)路、微處(chu)理(li)器(qi)(qi)、輸出信(xin)號(hao)處(chu)理(li)電(dian)路、電(dian)源電(dian)路等硬件(jian)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)以(yi)及控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統和(he)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)程序、軟件(jian)平臺等軟件(jian)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)組成。為保證控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統可靠地工作(zuo)，電(dian)控(kong)(kong)單(dan)元(yuan)還(huan)必須采取有效的(de)抗干擾措施和(he)故障自診(zhen)斷(duan)處(chu)理(li)措施。

傳(chuan)感器傳(chuan)感器的(de)功用是檢測汽車(che)前進過程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)有關(guan)運(yun)動物理(li)量，并轉換成電(dian)信號(hao)(hao)，輸(shu)入(ru)到ECU（電(dian)控單元(yuan)）中(zhong)，供(gong)ECU分析(xi)計算。⑴車(che)輪速度(du)傳(chuan)感器 將4個車(che)輪的(de)速度(du)檢測出來(lai)，以脈沖信號(hao)(hao)的(de)形式輸(shu)出，送入(ru)AWD系統(tong)ECU，同(tong)時(shi)也將電(dian)信號(hao)(hao)輸(shu)入(ru)到其它電(dian)控系統(tong)ECU。

⑵加速(su)(su)度(du)傳感器 檢測前后左右4個車輪的加速(su)(su)度(du)。確定汽(qi)車的加減速(su)(su)狀態。

⑶轉角傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi) 轉角傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)安裝在轉向(xiang)輪靠近車(che)輪的一(yi)側，用來檢(jian)測轉向(xiang)輪的瞬時偏轉角，可與電(dian)控四(si)輪轉向(xiang)系統(tong)共用轉角傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)。⑷壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi) 壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)用來檢(jian)測濕式多片離合器(qi)(qi)內液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)的壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。分動器(qi)(qi)

汽車(che)(che)的(de)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)式(shi)一般有(you)以(yi)下幾種：前(qian)置(zhi)后(hou)(hou)驅(qu)(FR)、前(qian)置(zhi)前(qian)驅(qu)(FF)、后(hou)(hou)置(zhi)后(hou)(hou)驅(qu)(RR)、中置(zhi)后(hou)(hou)驅(qu)(MR)、四(si)輪(lun)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。所謂驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)式(shi)，是(shi)指(zhi)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機的(de)布置(zhi)方式(shi)及驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)的(de)數量、位置(zhi)的(de)形(xing)式(shi)。國(guo)內外大多數貨車(che)(che)(含皮卡)、部分轎車(che)(che)(尤其是(shi)高級轎車(che)(che))和部分客車(che)(che)都采用前(qian)置(zhi)后(hou)(hou)驅(qu)的(de)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)型式(shi)，但采用該(gai)型式(shi)的(de)小型車(che)(che)很少。所謂全輪(lun)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，又稱四(si)輪(lun)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，是(shi)指(zhi)汽車(che)(che)前(qian)后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)都有(you)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)。一般用4X4或4WD來(lai)表(biao)示(shi)，如果你看見一輛車(che)(che)上(shang)標有(you)上(shang)述字(zi)樣，那就表(biao)示(shi)該(gai)車(che)(che)輛擁(yong)有(you)4輪(lun)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)功(gong)能。