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首先它(ta)可(ke)以降低轎車(che)的(de)成(cheng)本，這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)為(wei)什驅動(dong)(dong)輪(lun)圖(tu)冊么(me)現今許多汽車(che)制(zhi)造廠(chang)商都采用這(zhe)種驅動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)原因。前輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)(FWD)在制(zhi)造和安(an)裝方面(mian)都比后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)(RWD)便(bian)宜很多。它(ta)沒有(you)通(tong)過(guo)駕駛艙下(xia)面(mian)的(de)驅動(dong)(dong)軸，也(ye)不用制(zhi)造后(hou)(hou)橋(qiao)殼，變速(su)器和差速(su)器被裝配在一個殼體中，這(zhe)樣所需的(de)零(ling)部件就更少。這(zhe)種前輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統還可(ke)以讓設(she)計者更方便(bian)的(de)在汽車(che)底部安(an)裝其他(ta)部件，比如制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統，燃油供給系(xi)(xi)統和排氣系(xi)(xi)統。

概述(shu)目前(qian)，2轎車的(de)(de)4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)引進(jin)了電子計算機控制系統，當前(qian)輪(lun)(lun)或后輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，車子隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根(gen)據路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)狀態的(de)(de)反饋信息分配前(qian)后輪(lun)(lun)子的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力，變為4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。4輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)又(you)可(ke)(ke)以細分成4種驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式(shi)：全時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)（Full－Time）、分時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)（Part-Time）、適時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)（Real－Time）和(he)分時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)/適時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)混(hun)和(he)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。全時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)全時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)（Full－Time） 全時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)特(te)點就是無論怎(zen)么(me)樣，永(yong)遠都保(bao)(bao)持四輪(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式(shi)，這種傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統都是不需要駕駛(shi)人(ren)選擇操作的(de)(de)。行駛(shi)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將發動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機輸出扭矩(ju)按50∶50 設定(ding)在前(qian)后輪(lun)(lun)上，使(shi)前(qian)后排車輪(lun)(lun)保(bao)(bao)持等(deng)量的(de)(de)扭矩(ju)，遇到(dao)特(te)別路(lu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou)就可(ke)(ke)以自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)將不同的(de)(de)扭距分配到(dao)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)輪(lun)(lun)子上面(mian)(mian)(mian)。全時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統具有良好的(de)(de)駕駛(shi)操控性和(he)行駛(shi)循(xun)跡(ji)性，不過缺點也是很明顯的(de)(de)，那(nei)就是比較廢油，經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)性不夠(gou)好，而且車輛沒有任何(he)裝置(zhi)來(lai)控制輪(lun)(lun)胎(tai)(tai)轉速的(de)(de)差異，一旦(dan)一個(ge)(ge)輪(lun)(lun)胎(tai)(tai)離開地面(mian)(mian)(mian)就有可(ke)(ke)能(neng)讓你無法(fa)前(qian)進(jin)。

汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)的驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)一般有以(yi)下幾種：前(qian)置(zhi)后驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(FR)、前(qian)置(zhi)前(qian)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(FF)、后置(zhi)后驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(RR)、中置(zhi)后驅(qu)(qu)(qu)(MR)、四輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。所(suo)謂驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機的布置(zhi)方式(shi)及驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的數量、位置(zhi)的形(xing)(xing)式(shi)。國內外大(da)(da)多數貨車(che)(che)(che)(含(han)皮(pi)卡)、部分轎車(che)(che)(che)(尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高級轎車(che)(che)(che))和(he)部分客車(che)(che)(che)都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)前(qian)置(zhi)后驅(qu)(qu)(qu)的驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)型(xing)(xing)式(shi)，但采(cai)(cai)用(yong)該型(xing)(xing)式(shi)的小型(xing)(xing)車(che)(che)(che)很少。所(suo)謂全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，又稱四輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)前(qian)后輪(lun)(lun)(lun)都有動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)。一般用(yong)4X4或4WD來表示，如(ru)果你看見一輛車(che)(che)(che)上(shang)標有上(shang)述(shu)字樣，那(nei)就表示該車(che)(che)(che)輛擁有4輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的功能(neng)。這(zhe)種總(zong)布置(zhi)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)，由于全(quan)部車(che)(che)(che)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)，充分利用(yong)了(le)(le)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)的全(quan)部附著質(zhi)量，因此(ci)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)有較大(da)(da)的驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)和(he)克(ke)服障礙、防止打滑的能(neng)力(li)(li)。所(suo)以(yi)，越野汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)一般都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)種總(zong)布置(zhi)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)。而且，由于全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)有較大(da)(da)的驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)，加速性(xing)好，20世紀80年代以(yi)來一些轎車(che)(che)(che)和(he)旅行轎車(che)(che)(che)也紛紛采(cai)(cai)用(yong)全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，成為所(suo)謂的“多用(yong)途(tu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)車(che)(che)(che)（SUV）”，受到不少美國年輕人的喜愛，形(xing)(xing)成了(le)(le)'4WD'熱(re)潮(chao)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，全(quan)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)驅(qu)(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的結構(gou)復雜，成本高，在(zai)好路上(shang)行駛時燃料消耗大(da)(da)，輪(lun)(lun)(lun)胎和(he)機件的磨損大(da)(da)。